AUKUS

Nuclear Submarines and the Indo-Pacific Arms Race

On September 15, 2021, the U.S., UK, and Australia announced AUKUS — Australia would acquire nuclear-powered submarines with U.S.-UK technology, the first such transfer outside the UK since 1958. The pact targeted China's expanding Indo-Pacific naval presence.

France, holding a $66 billion submarine contract, recalled ambassadors from Washington and Canberra — unprecedented between NATO allies — accusing betrayal and deception.

AUKUS revealed alliance hierarchy in the U.S.-China competition: the Anglosphere tightened; Europeans were sidelined. Does containing China justify fracturing Western unity, or was the fracture inevitable as priorities diverge?